• ORGANIZATION
    • Designing team’s lack of incentives/penalties
    • Many previous input need to be aligned in schedule…but they also face capacity constraints (from basic engineering, to vendor commitment, and final client requirements…)
  • TECHNOLOGY
    • Lack of use of knowledge management systems
    • Designs are not optimized because of limited focus on constructability
  • PROCESS
    • Lack of standard designs for frequently used items
    • Poor value of engineering in overall execution
    • Change in customer inputs, scope and basic engineering
    • Internal quality systems…
    • Delay in receiving information plus wrong estimation of the workload, IDLING of resources…and later, CRASHING of resources
  • PEOPLE
    • Lack of clarity, requirements from basic design
    • Limited ownership of design
    • Inadequate domain knowledge of design
    • In due moments, shortage of capacity